Applications of Differentiation

Context

Differentiation can be applied in various ways, one of which is physics.

ScalarsVectors
DistanceDisplacement
DefinitionA measurement of how far an object is from a fixed point of reference. Only magnitude (size) is measured.Distance + Direction (e.g. cardinal directions like North, South, East, West, or Left/Right)
Example5 km away5 km North
SpeedVelocity
DefinitionA rate of change (derivative, gradient) of distance over time. Only magnitude (size) is measured.Speed + Direction
Example15 km/h15 km/h to the positive direction

Notations

If x is a function of time,

𝑥=𝑓(𝑡)

Thus,

𝑣=dxdt=̇𝑥𝑎=dvdt=̇𝑣=̈𝑥

v is for velocity, a is for acceleration.